Under which circumstance is breaking confidentiality justified?

Breaking confidentiality is justified when a client poses a danger to themselves or others. This principle is rooted in ethical and legal obligations that prioritize the safety and well-being of individuals. When a school counselor becomes aware of situations where a student may engage in harmful behaviors, such as self-harm, suicidal ideation, or intentions to harm others, it is imperative to act in a way that protects the individual and those around them.

This scenario requires the counselor to breach confidentiality to ensure that necessary interventions can occur, such as involving mental health professionals, emergency services, or even the authorities if needed. Such actions are taken not only to safeguard the client but also to mitigate risks that may affect others in the community.

Maintaining confidentiality is crucial in building trust in the counselor-client relationship; however, this trust does not outweigh the moral and legal responsibility to intervene in situations that threaten life or safety.